Chapter+3

Chapter 3

Sec 1: The 1st Eng. Settlements - King & Queen’s power limited by Parliament but still much greater. -Eng. est. colonies to provide new markets for Eng. products & raw materials for Eng. industries. Jamestown - 1607 Why? - Profit(get rich) 1st Perm. Eng. Col. in N.A. -Barely survive 1st winter. 38 of 100 live. No farmers. -J. Smith- leader. Powhatan- ind. chief helps for awhile. -The starving time followed by the savior - tobacco. -1st Representative Gov. – The House of Burgesses (1st step to self- gov.) a. Gov. and elected group make dec. b. Begin of self-government - Slavery in N.A. starts w/Africans Plymouth - 1620 Why? – Seeking Religious Toleration (Freedom of Religion) - Pilgrims – religious trip - Were seperatists - from C. of. Eng -Mayflower- drifts N & lands in Mass. -Sign Mayflower Compact- Rules & elect rep. to govern themselves -2nd example of self-government - Survive only bec. of Ind. – Thanksgiving

Sec 2: The N.E. Col. Mass. Bay Colony - 1630 - Boston - Puritans – Wanted to reform C. of England.- Persec. in Eng. – move to N.A. - G. Court- elected Assembly & Gov. – elec. (self gov.) a. Only mem. of Puritan church & only men. b. Sought Rel. toleration, failed to give it. - leads to formation of other colonies. - R. Williams – founded Rhode Island -Practiced religious toler. - T. Hooker- Connecticut - Fund. Orders of Conn. – self-gov. -J. Wheelright- New Hampshire -Indian uprising crushed when Metacom is capt. & killed.
 * King Phillip’s War- 1/10 as many Nat. Am. as before due to disease
 * W/time, Puritan religious fervor declines- relax

Section 3: Middle Colonies -4 states: N.Y., Penn, N.J., Del. -N.Y. – begins as a Dutch Col. New Netherland - Eng. & Dutch tension - New Neth. became English – New York. -N.J. – split from N.Y. – Proprietary Col. (Eng.) -Pensl.- Quakers – Led by William Penn. - Holy Exp. – Dif. Rel. can co-exit. - Frame of Gov. For Penn. – Rel. tol. & self. gov. - Delaware 1st est by Swedes, then Dutch, finally Eng. - Began as part of Penn. event. separated. -The Backcountry- frontier region ext. thru sev. col. from Penn. to GA

Section 4: Southern Colonies -Maryland, Virg., N.Car. , S. Car., Georg. -Farming –rice & tobac – requires lots of workers -Spurs growth of slav. in the S. - Virg. – Jamestowm - Indian Conflict. – Natives crushed. - Bacon’s Rebellion – poor farmers in backcountry attack ind., gov., declares them rebels, Bacon attacks & burns James., dies & 23 followers hanged. - Only prop. owners could vote. -Maryland – G. Calvert – Catholic haven. -Son, Lord Baltimore took over. - Event. allowed all religions (toleration) -Carolinas – est. by King Charles II for sett. S. of Virg. - split into N. & S. -Econ. based on farming rice = slaves -Georgia – J. Oglethorpe – est. to stop Span. expan. N.ward & as a safe place for debtors. -Slavery banned @ 1st then eventually allowed

-2 Regions Tidewater – coast- big plant. – rich. -Backcountry- poor, felt the gov. only cared about the rich in the Tidewater.

Section 5: Spanish Colonies in the Borderlands -Spain colonized FL and the SW U.S. while Eng. expands Southward -Spain allows esc. slaves from English Col. protection in FL. -Spain controlled much of N. Am. in the 1600’s & early 1700’s, most of it in the borderlands N. of Mex. -The Spanish intro. horsemanship to ind. -Missions play a big role in colonizing the borderlands. -Convert nat. to Catholocism & spread Span. influence -Junipero Serra – est. S. Diego as a mission in Cal. -Also L.A., S.F., and others. Presidios – Military posts to protect missions Pueblos – Civilian Towns Missions – taught native farming, crafts, etc. -still treated the natives poorly (overworked and severely punished them)