Chapter+5

Ch. 5 Section 1: Trouble on the Frontier

-By the mid 1700’s, France & Brit. each controlled large areas of N. Am. which bordered each other for 1000’s of miles. -British settlers were pushing into the Ohio River Valley, which was claimed by France. -Fr. and Ind. War Begins -French build forts to strengthen claim. -Virginia Colony also claimed ORV. -Virg. Gov. sent militia under G. Wash. to order the French to leave. They refused. -Wash. went back a year later and was defeated and capt. by the French. The Albany Congress -Col. leaders tried to unite to help the British and ally with Natives against the French. -Ben Franklin’s Albany Plan rejected by colonial assemb. – first attempt to unite col. -would have allowed colonial gov. to tax and raise an army. Fr. & Ind. War - British suffer early defeats to French but come back when William Pitt became P. Minister. -Didn’t understand how to fight guerilla warfare. Red coats = great targets. -Sept. 1757 Quebec captured – capital of New France Treaty of Paris -France lost almost all of it’s North American possessions. -French Can. to G.B. -Fr. Territory E. of Miss. to G.B. except New Orleans which went to Spain. -G.B. also took Spanish Florida. -Natives lost the most – couldn’t stop the British from moving onto their land w/out French help.

Section 2: The Colonists Resist Tighter Control

-Pontiac’s War – Chief of Ottawa allies with other native tribes and attacks Eng. forts. Finally defeated. -The Proclomation of 1763 – trying to avoid further ind. conflict, the gov. banned colonial settlement west of a line drawn along the App. mnt. Unpopular with colonists, hard to enforce and ignored. -Britain was deeply in debt after the Fr. and Ind. War and had to pay to keep soldiers in Am. to prevent France from trying to take land back and to defend against ind. attacks. Decided to tax the colonists to pay it’s debts. -The Sugar Act – import tax on molasses, etc. Cracked down on smugglers. Colonists didn’t like it. -The Quartering Act – passed to save money. Col. req. to house Brit. soldiers. Col. didn’t like it. -The Stamp Act – A tax on many products and act. Col. began to protest and controversy began over who had the right to tax the col. (self-gov.). Didn’t like having Eng. Par. telling them what to do. -Writs of Assistance – court orders that allowed officials to make searches without saying for what they were searching. Eng. set this up in the col. and the colonists hated it. -Tensions increase -The Boston Massacre – Angry crowd confronts Brit. sold. who fire into the crowd killing some. -Committees of Correspondence – Sam Adams – kept col. informed to whip up anti-Brit. sentiment.